Зайкина О.Е. Характеристики речевого доминирования судей на судебном заседании в зеркале конверс-анализа

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14515118

Ключевые слова:

судебный дискурс, институциональные роли, речевое доминирование, конверсационный анализ, вопросы, перебивы, наложения речи

Аннотация

Вопросно-ответное взаимодействие относится к способу проявления власти в разговоре и инструментам речевого контроля. С точки зрения конверсационного анализа перебивы и наложения речи делают возможным проявлять власть по отношению к участникам взаимодействия, что позволяет считать их признаками речевого доминирования. В настоящей статье приведены результаты исследования вопросительных реплик судей на заседаниях, а также реплик с наложениями речи и перебивами, инициированными судьями. Количественный анализ данных транскриптов 20 видеозаписей судебных заседаний длительностью 9 ч. показал, что судьи чаще других участников задают вопросы, а также склонны инициировать наложения речи и перебивы. Метод конверсационного анализа, применённый при проведении настоящего исследования, выявил, что вопросы в речи судьи являлись универсальным инструментом при регулировании речевого взаимодействия в суде. Например, они не только структурировали судебное заседание, но и использовались для выявления дополнительных необходимых фактов. Перебивы и наложения речи, инициированные судьями, также позволяли контролировать тематику разговора. Исходя из этого, можно предположить, что исследуемые явления позволяют судьям добиваться институциональных целей заседания.

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Биография автора

  • Ольга Евгеньевна Зайкина , Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

    Аспирант

Библиографические ссылки

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10. Ayaß R. (2015) Doing data: The status of transcripts in conversation analysis. In Discourse studies. London, Sage Publications. Vol. 17 (5), pp. 505–528 (in English).

11. Danet B., Kermish N.C. (1978) Courtroom questioning: a sociolinguistic perspective. In Psychology and Persuasionin Advocacy. Washington. pp. 413–441 (in English).

12. Drew P., Atkinson J.M. (1979) Order in court: the organization of verbal interaction in judicial setting. New Jersey. 275 p. (in English)

13. Drew P., Heritage J. (1992) Talk at work: interaction in institutional settings. Cambridge University Press. 580 p. (in English).

14. Feldman A., Gill R. (2019) Power dynamics in supreme court oral arguments: the relationship between gender and justice-to-justice interruptions in Justice System Journal № 40 (3). pp. 173 195 (in English).

15. Goffman I. (1986) Frame analysis. An essay on the organization of experience. Northeastern University. 600 p. (in English).

16. Goldberg J.A. (1990) Interrupting the discourse on interruptions: an analysis in terms of relationally neutral, power- and rapport-oriented acts in Journal of pragmatics. № 14 (6). pp. 883–903 (in English).

17. Itakura H. (2001) Describing conversational dominance in Journal of pragmatics. № 33, pp. 1859‒1880 (in English).

18. Jefferson G. (1972) Side sequences in Studies in social interaction. New York/London: Macmillan. pp. 294‒388 (in English).

19. Heffer C. (2005) The language of jury trial: a corpus-aided analysis of legal–lay discourse. Basingstoke/New York N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. 253 p. (in English)

20. Heffer C. (2010) Narrative in the trial. Constructing crime stories in court in Handbook of forensic linguistics. pp. 198 217 (in English).

21. Heldner M., Edlund J. (2010) Pauses, gaps and overlaps in conversations in Journal of Phonetics. №38. pp. 555–568 (in English).

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25. Levinson S. (1992) Activity types and language in Talk at Work: interaction in institutional settings. P. Drew, J. Heritage (eds.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 66–100 (in English).

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27. Linell P., Luckmann T. (1991) Asymmetries in dialogue: some conceptual preliminaries in Asymmetries in dialogue. Marková I., Foppa K. (eds). Hemel Hempstead, Harvester Wheatsheaf. pp. 1–20 (in English).

28. Maley Y., Fahey R. (1991) Presenting the evidence: constructions of reality in court in International journal for the Semiotics of Law. Vol. 4. № 10. pp. 3–17 (in English).

29. Meltzer L. Morris W.N., Hayes D. (1971) Interruption outcomes and vocal amplitude: Explorations in social psychophysics in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.18(3). pp. 392‒402 (in English).

30. Orcutt J.D., Harvey L.K. (1985) Deviance, rule-breaking and male dominance in conversation. in Symbolic Interaction. №8. pp. 15–32 (in English).

31. Sacs H. (1984) On doing «being ordinary» in Structures of social action. J.M. Atkinson, J. Heritage (eds.). Cambridge. pp. 413–429 (in English).

32. Schegloff E.A., Sacks H. (1973) Opening up Closings in Semiotica. № 8 (4). pp. 289–327 (in English).

33. Philips S. (1998) Ideology in the language of judges: how judges practice law, politics and courtroom control. New York. Oxford. 224 p. (in English).

34. Psathas G., Anderson T. (1990) The practices of transcriptions in conversation analysis in Semiotica. №78 (1‒2). pp. 75‒99 (in English).

35. Tannen D. (1993) The Relativity of Linguistic Strategies: Rethinking Power and Solidarity in Gender and Dominance in Oxford Studies in Sociolinguistics: Gender and Conversational Interaction (ed. Tannen D.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 165–188 (in English).

36. Woodbury H. (1984) The strategic use of questions in court in Semiotica. № 48 (3/4). pp. 197–228 (in English).

37. Wolfartsberger A. (2011) ELF Business/Business ELF: Form and Function in Simultaneous Speech in Latest Trend sin ELF Research. Alasdair A., Cogo A. Jenkins J (eds.). Newcastle upon Tyne,UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 163–183 (in English).

38. Zimmerman D., West C. (1975) Sexroles, interruptions and silences in conversation in Language and Sex: Difference and Dominance. Newbury House, Rowley, MA. pp. 105–129 (in English).

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Опубликован

2025-05-10

Как цитировать

[1]
2025. Зайкина О.Е. Характеристики речевого доминирования судей на судебном заседании в зеркале конверс-анализа. Вестник Донецкого университета. Серия 05. Филология и психология. 6 (May 2025), 136–153. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14515118.